Magnetic separator



Sept. 28 1926.

G. ULLRICH MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Filed Dec. 19, 1924 3 Sheets-Sheet l Sept. 28 1926.

' G. ULLRICH MAGNETICSEPARATOR 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed peo. 19, 1924 Sept. 28 1926. 1,6U6'58 G. ULLRICH MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Filed Deo. 19, 1924 A3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented sept.' 2s, 1926.

UNITED STATES vv,VPA'HE'.NTYoFFICE.

GEORG 'ULLRIGI-I, 0F MAGDEBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR TO THE FIRM FRIED. KRUPP GRUSONWERK AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT,

OF MAGDEBURG-BUCKAU, GERMANY.

MAGNETIC SEPARATOR.

Application led December 19, 1924, Serial No. 757,009, and in Germany January 11, 1924.

The present invention relates to magnetic separators of the type in which'the material to be separated is acted .upon at several points simultaneously.

Magnetic separators with a number of separating points are known in which there are a number of poles so connected to a common magnet core that the poles are arranged in two concentric circles, half the number thereof being connected to one eud of the magnet core and the other half to its other end, and all the poles being excited conjointly by a coil which surrounds the core of the magnet. At the same time the poles are so arranged that every pair of opposite polarity are located radially opposite each other on both sides of a common armature ring which rotates between all the poles. Every such pair of poles presents therefore two separating point-s, one 'of which is formed between the outer pole and the rin and thesecond one betweenl this latter al1 the inner pole. In this arrangement the armature ring does not rotate, as has heretofore been customary in ring armatures, on la stationary central shaft,'but on 'a number of rollers, which are provided for ther purpose of preventing it from shifting laterally. A disadvantage that may arise in this arrangementis that, owing to the Awearing of the bearin 'surfaces of the annular bear- Ving rollers, t e ring ver soon runs eccentrically with relation to the pole pieces. The surfaces between which the separating fields exist are consequently located at different distances from each other and the separation Itherefore ceases to be uniform. If the eccentricity be great there is even the risk of the ring touchingA one of the poles with the result that it becomes As in a se arator oft is type the material -is attracte to the vertical side faces of the ring only, it is impossible to 'construct such separators in the form of zone separators.

The material .which passes from above' downwards through the two gaps in the-iield of a separating point adheres rmly not onlyto the armature ring butto the poles also, and then settles down in the gaps in the field and prevents separation from' taking place.v The llines offorce .run at each separating point transversely through the armature -from the N to the S pole, and, in such an arran ment it is .not possible to `form a flux of 'nes o force running lfrom separating point to sep-v ammed fast thereby. v

arating point through the armature and" leavin a neutral zone between two separating points, as two uXes of lines of force of opposite directions would in such case pass between the outer and inner poles of adjacent separating points and would mutually neutralize each other.

Other magnetic separators are also known A in which` all the poles areexcited conjointly by ,a central coil andare connected to one end of the core of a magnet, the other end ofthe core being magnetically connected to a zone armature rotating above vthe poles and acting at the same time as a common delivery member or them. The disadvantage Aof these separators, in which all the poles of the same polarity follow each other round in a circle, is that the attracted material is difficult to remove from the armature as-in this case it does not completely lose its magnetism between the poles.

According to the present invention only one pole is provided at each separating point,-and above the poles is located an armature, such as is known per se, common to all or at lealst to two poles, so that the field of each separating point is formed by one pole and the armature. Y

The poles of adjacent separating points are connected to theopposite ends of a common magnet core'which isexcited by a coil,

' thus forming a series of successive poles all of which are in juxtaposition to the. same vsurface of the common armature. The lines of lforce lie between the poles of adjacent separating points -and along the Aarmature in .the 'direction of its periphery or longitudinally.

,In comparison with those above mentioned, this type of construction possesses the` following advantages; it 'I can be used both for ring separators as well as separators in which the separating lields follow or succeed each other in straight lines, that.

is tosay for example on belt or apron separators which have a number of separatin points and a common conveyor belt; bot

the ring separators and the belt separators of this type may be constructed as zone separators. As. successive poles are formed 1n the armature in this construction, there is -always one' point on the armature between every two poles the magnetic strength of which isequal to zero, so that the .material which has been attracted will therefore drop oli' readily at this point. The advantage' of r the separator which forms the subject matter of the present invention in comparison with those heretofore known in which the poles are connected alternately to the ends of a common magnet "core is therefore that the separation is far better and more complete, and in comparison with the separators of the type above mentioned and the usual ring separators it has also the advantage of being of a simpler type of construction, of less weight and therefore costs less to manufacture although it possesses the same number of separating points, the same strength of field and capacity.

In order that the invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect it ywill now be describedy by reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 shows, partly in longitudinal section, a ring separator of the new typeof construction constructed as a zone separator.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the separator,

the armature beingshown' as removed from the left-hand side of the figure.

Figure 3 shows the underneath portion of the magnet frame of a ring separator of the type herein referred to in elevation and plan.

Figure 4 shows the corresponding upper portion thereof in elevation and plan.

Figure 5 is a longitudinal section,

Figure 6 is a plan and Figure 7 is a side elevation of a belt separator constructed as a wet zone separator in accordance with this invention.

Referring to Figures 1 4, the Poles 3 are.

4 of the magnet frame, the poles 5 of which are arranged in a circle between those of the upper part in such a way that a north pole connected with one end of the magnet core is always followedby a south pole connected with the other end of the magnet core` so` that so-called successive poles are formed. Above the poles rotate the armature which is common to all the poles vand which may consist of the armature plate or disc 6 and the'armature rings 7.

The pulp to be operated upon is charged in at the hopper 8 and flows over the cone 9 and thei guide plates 10 down through the armature rings 7 which are set' at progressive heights relatively to the poles so that the inner vring is lfarthest from `the poles and can therefore only attract the material of 'the greatest permeability, while the outer ring is located nearest to them and' consequently serves to attract the materialV of the least permeability. The portion of the material not attractedl flows away v`through the box 11. Asa neutral zone must be formed.A in"the armature betwell every `form successive or consecutive poles.

gered relatively to the poles' of the other" end of the core that they form together successive poles. Above every two poles is arranged a stationary zone armature 12, under which rung the conveyor belt 13 which serves to carry away the magnetic material after (separation. The material to be separatedis charged in at the box 14, from which it is conveyed away at right angles by the conveyor belt over the poles so that the magnetic material is carried over by the conveyor belt, by magnetic attraction to its underside` into the box 15 and the nonmagnetic part of the material carried away bv the box 16. Inthis case the poles are divided up into two rows so that every pair of poles (zo-operates with a common conveyor belt. The magnet frame may however also be so constructed that, when the excitation is central, all the poles liein one series and The invention can be used for wet and dry separatorS.'

I claim z- 1-. In a magnetic separator, a Amagnet core, a series of poles of alternate polarity, the poles of one polarity being magnetically connected with one end of said core and the poles of opposite polarity being magnetically connected with the other end of said core, and an armature common to at `least two poles of opposite polarity. 2. In a magnetic separator, an upright magnet core. a series of poles of alternate polarity,l the poles of one polarity being magnetically connected with the upper end of said core and the poles of opposite polarity being connected with the lower end. of said core, all of said poles lying substantially in the same plane, and an armature common to at least two poles of opposite polarity.

3. In a magnetic separator, an upright magnet core, a circular series of poles of alternate polarity, the poles of one polarity being magnetically connected with the upper end of said core and the poles of oppositeI D., "ING, e. GEOR'GJILLRIC. 

